Development of a Learning Package Integrating QR Code Technology with Learner-Centered Instruction on Matrices and Their Applications in Electrical Circuits

Abstract

This study aimed to (1) develop and determine the efficiency of a learning package applying QR code technology in student-centered instruction on matrices and their applications in electrical circuits, (2) compare students’ learning achievement before and after instruction using the QR code–based learning package, and (3) investigate students’ satisfaction with the learning package. The sample consisted of 20 first-year vocational certificate students in the Electrical Power Program at Sawang Daen Din Technical College, selected randomly. Research instruments included a learning package quality evaluation form, a learning achievement test, and a student satisfaction questionnaire. Five experts evaluated the consistency and quality of the learning package. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and the E1/E2 efficiency index.

           The results revealed that the developed learning package comprised three instructional units: matrices and determinants, solving systems of linear equations using matrices, and applications of matrices in electrical circuit networks. The overall quality of the learning package was rated at a very high level (M = 4.75). The learning efficiency based on the E1/E2 criterion was 80.14/81.43, exceeding the benchmark. Students’ post-test learning achievement was significantly higher than their pre-test scores at the .05 level. In addition, students’ overall satisfaction with the learning package was at the highest level (M = 4.65).

           The findings indicate that the QR code–based learning package is effective in enhancing learning achievement and supporting meaningful learning for vocational education students. It can be applied as an innovative instructional tool to promote problem-solving skills, analytical thinking, and continuous learning in technical education.